NUROFEN FEVER D*200MG/5ML ARA

NUROFEN FEVER AND PAIN 200mg/5ml oral suspension orange flavor sugar-free
NUROFEN FEVER AND PAIN 200mg/5ml oral suspension strawberry flavor sugar-free
Ibuprofen

What it is and what it is used for
Nurofen Fever and Pain contains ibuprofen, which belongs to a group of medicines called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) whose action reduces pain, fever, and inflammation.
Nurofen Fever and Pain is indicated in children aged 2 to 12 years, adolescents, and adults for the symptomatic treatment of fever, including post-vaccination fever, and mild to moderate pain (such as headache, toothache, sore throat, earache).

What you need to know before taking the medicine
Do not use Nurofen Fever and Pain if:
- you are allergic to ibuprofen or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6);
- you experience or have experienced allergic reactions in the past such as wheezing, rhinitis (runny nose), swelling of the face, lips and throat (angioedema) or urticaria, particularly if associated with nasal polyps and asthma, after taking other analgesics, other antipyretics, acetylsalicylic acid and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
- you suffer from a severe kidney or liver disease (renal or hepatic insufficiency);
- you suffer from a severe heart disease (heart failure);
- you suffer or have suffered from stomach and/or intestinal bleeding (gastrointestinal hemorrhage) or perforation following previous NSAID treatments;
- you suffer or have suffered from gastric/duodenal ulcers (peptic ulcers) or active or recurrent bleeding (at least two distinct episodes of proven ulceration or bleeding);
- you are taking other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, including selective COX-2 inhibitors) (see section Other medicines and Nurofen Fever and Pain);
- the child is under 2 years of age;
- you are in the last trimester of pregnancy (see section Pregnancy, breastfeeding and fertility).

Warnings and precautions
Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using Nurofen Fever and Pain if:
- you suffer or have suffered from an allergy to medicines used to treat fever, pain and inflammation (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) and if you suffer from breathing difficulties (asthma), nasal polyps, swelling of the face, lips and throat (angioedema);
- you are taking other medicines used to treat pain, reduce fever and/or treat inflammation (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs including COX-2 inhibitors) (see section Other medicines and Nurofen Fever and Pain);
- you have suffered from stomach and intestinal disorders (history of ulcer), especially if complicated by bleeding or perforation, as an increase in gastrointestinal bleeding and perforations may occur. In these cases, your doctor will advise you to start treatment with the lowest available dose and possibly the concomitant use of medicines that protect the stomach (misoprostol or proton pump inhibitors). This should also be considered if you are taking low doses of aspirin or other drugs that may increase the risk of stomach and intestinal diseases (see section Other medicines and Nurofen Fever and Pain). During treatment with all NSAIDs, at any time, with or without warning symptoms or a previous history of serious gastrointestinal events, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach or intestine, which can be fatal, may occur.
Therefore, inform your doctor of any unusual gastrointestinal symptoms (especially gastrointestinal bleeding) particularly at the beginning of treatment. If gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration occurs, discontinue treatment with Nurofen Fever and Pain and contact your doctor;
- you suffer or have suffered from inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) as these diseases may worsen (see section Possible side effects);
- if you are taking medicines that could increase the risk of ulcer or bleeding, such as medicines used to treat inflammation and some immune system diseases (oral corticosteroids), anticoagulants such as warfarin, medicines that may have an antiplatelet effect such as aspirin, medicines to treat depression (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) (see section Other medicines and Nurofen Fever and Pain);
- you have heart disease (uncontrolled hypertension, congestive heart failure, confirmed ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease) or have suffered from reduced blood flow to the brain (stroke), or if you think you or the child may be at risk for these conditions (for example, if you have high blood pressure, if you have high sugar levels (diabetes) or fats in the blood or if you smoke). Medicines like Nurofen Fever and Pain can be associated with a slight increase in the risk of heart attack or reduced blood flow to the brain: the risk is more likely at high doses and with prolonged therapy. Do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment;
- you suffer or have suffered from high blood pressure and/or severe heart disease (heart failure) because, in association with NSAID therapy, fluid retention, high blood pressure and swelling (edema) have been reported;
- you have an infection (see section Infections below);
- you have chickenpox, as in this case, it is advisable to avoid the use of Nurofen Fever and Pain.

The use of Nurofen Fever and Pain requires adequate precautions, especially if:
- you suffer or have suffered from asthma because breathing difficulties could worsen;
- you suffer from coagulation problems;
- you suffer from kidney, heart, liver diseases and hypertension;
- the child or adolescent is dehydrated (for example due to fever, vomiting or diarrhea), in this case rehydrate them before the start and during treatment to avoid the risk of kidney function impairment.

During prolonged treatments with Nurofen Fever and Pain, you must pay particular attention and immediately inform your doctor if:
- signs or symptoms of ulceration or bleeding of the stomach and intestine appear (e.g., black and foul-smelling stools, vomiting with blood);
- signs or symptoms of liver damage (e.g., hepatitis and jaundice);
- signs or symptoms of kidney damage (e.g., increased urine production, blood in the urine);
- visual disturbances (blurred or reduced vision, areas of complete or partial blindness, altered color perception);
- symptoms such as headache, disorientation, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck and fever as these could be symptoms due to aseptic meningitis (more frequent if you suffer from systemic lupus erythematosus or other collagenopathies)

Skin reactions
Serious skin reactions have been reported in association with Nurofen Fever and Pain treatment. Stop taking Nurofen Fever and Pain and consult your doctor immediately if you develop a rash, mucosal lesions, blisters or other signs of allergy, as these may be the first signs of a very serious skin reaction. See section 4.

Infections
Nurofen Fever and Pain can mask the symptoms of infections such as fever and pain. It is therefore possible that Nurofen Fever and Pain could delay adequate treatment of the infection, which could increase the risk of complications. This has been observed in pneumonia caused by bacteria and in bacterial skin infections related to chickenpox. If you take this medicine while you have an infection and the infection symptoms persist or worsen, consult your doctor immediately.

Children and adolescents
In dehydrated children and adolescents there is a risk of impaired kidney function.

Possible side effects
Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
If you experience any of the following side effects, STOP treatment with Nurofen Fever and Pain and contact your doctor:
- severe alterations of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by rashes, redness, itching and blisters (bullous and exfoliative dermatitis including erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis);
- allergic reactions, even severe, which may include: urticaria, itching, purpura, swelling of the face, mouth and throat (angioedema), breathing difficulties (bronchospasm or dyspnea), altered heartbeats (tachycardia), low blood pressure (hypotension), anaphylaxis, shock and worsening of asthma;
- aseptic meningitis with symptoms such as disorientation, headache, nausea, vomiting, stiff neck and fever (more frequent if you suffer from systemic lupus erythematosus or other collagenopathies).

Further side effects include:
Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people):
- headache, dizziness, drowsiness and convulsions
- stomach pain, nausea and indigestion (dyspepsia)
- skin rashes
Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people):
- cystitis, rhinitis;
- depression, insomnia, difficulty concentrating, unstable mood, hearing and vision disturbances;
- cerebrovascular hemorrhage;
- dry eyes;
- awareness of one's own heartbeat (palpitations);
- diarrhea, flatulence, dry mouth, constipation and vomiting;
- hair loss (alopecia);
- severe kidney diseases including tubular necrosis, glomerulonephritis, blood in the urine and increased urine production;
- decreased hematocrit levels.

Very rare (may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people):
- reduction in the number of blood cells (anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis) - the first signs are: fever, sore throat, superficial mouth ulcers, flu-like symptoms, severe fatigue, nosebleeds and hemorrhages
- signs or symptoms of stomach and intestinal ulceration or bleeding, black and foul-smelling stools, vomiting with blood
- bleeding lesions in the mouth, heartburn (gastritis)
- concomitant kidney and liver disease (hepatorenal syndrome), death of some liver cells (hepatic necrosis), liver disease (hepatic insufficiency, hepatic dysfunction, hepatitis, jaundice)
- severe kidney diseases (acute renal failure, papillary necrosis) particularly following long-term treatments, associated with an increase in blood urea concentration and swelling (edema)
- decreased hemoglobin levels in the blood
- severe skin infections and soft tissue complications during chickenpox infection.
- worsening of infection-related inflammations (e.g., necrotizing fasciitis) associated with the use of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). If signs of an infection appear or worsen, you should immediately consult your doctor to assess whether anti-infective/antibiotic therapy is necessary.

Not known (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data):
- irritability;
- fluid retention and decreased appetite;
- abnormal perception of noises such as buzzing, ringing or rustling (tinnitus);
- severe heart disease (heart failure) and swelling (edema);
- increased blood pressure (hypertension) and reduced blood flow to the body (shock);
- respiratory tract disorders including asthma, laryngeal obstruction, wheezing (bronchospasm), temporary cessation of breathing (apnea) and difficulty breathing (dyspnea);
- worsening of inflammatory bowel diseases (colitis and Crohn's disease), inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), inflammation of the duodenum (duodenitis), inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis);
- a severe skin reaction known as DRESS syndrome may occur. Symptoms of DRESS include: rash, fever, swelling of the lymph nodes and an increase in eosinophils (a type of white blood cell);
- a widespread, red and scaly rash, with pustules forming under the skin and blisters located mainly on the skin folds, trunk and upper limbs accompanied by fever at the beginning of treatment (acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis). Stop using Nurofen Fever and Pain if you develop these symptoms and contact your doctor immediately. See also section 2.

The use of ibuprofen, especially at high doses (2400 mg/day) may be associated with a modest increased risk of heart attack (myocardial infarction) or stroke.

Reporting of side effects
If you get any side effects, including any not listed in this leaflet, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. You can also report side effects directly via the national reporting system at: https://www.aifa.gov.it/content/segnalazionireazioni-avverse.
By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.